The Science Behind Candle Wick Sizes and Burn Quality

Every great candle starts with the perfect balance of wax, fragrance, and wick. While most makers focus on scent and style, the wick size is the hidden element that determines how well your candle burns, how long it lasts, and even how your fragrance performs. At Rama Candles, we believe that understanding wick science is the key to crafting professional-quality candles every time.

1. Why Wick Size Matters

The wick is the engine of your candle. It fuels the flame by drawing melted wax upward, maintaining a consistent burn.
If the wick is too small, the flame struggles — leading to tunneling, weak scent throw, and wasted wax.
If it’s too large, the candle burns too hot, causing soot, flickering, or glass overheating.
A properly sized wick ensures:

• Even melting of the wax surface

• Efficient scent release (both hot and cold throw)

• Longer burn time and minimal residue

2. Factors That Influence Wick Performance

Choosing the right wick isn’t just about size — it’s about understanding your candle formula.
Here’s what to consider:

• Wax Type: Soy wax, paraffin, and blends each melt differently. For example, Soy Wax 464 (available at Rama Candles) has a slower melt rate and may require a slightly thicker wick.

• Fragrance Load: Heavier fragrance oils slow down burn rate, so a larger wick may be needed.

• Container Diameter: A 3-inch jar requires a different wick than a 2-inch vessel.

• Additives and Color: Candle dyes and other ingredients can also affect combustion and wick performance.

3. Testing Wick Sizes: Finding the Sweet Spot

Every candle maker should test multiple wick sizes before finalizing a product.
Here’s a simple process:

1. Select three wick sizes that are slightly smaller, equal, and larger than your estimated ideal.

2. Burn each candle for at least two hours and observe:

   • Melt pool width (should reach the edge by 2–3 hours)

   • Flame height (steady and calm, about 1 inch)

   • Smoke or soot (minimal to none)

3. Record your findings and adjust until you achieve a balanced burn.
   Tip: Always trim your wick to ¼ inch before each burn to prevent mushrooming or smoke.

4. Types of Wicks and Their Benefits

At Rama Candles, we offer 100% cotton wicks in various sizes — including 10 HPC, 12 HPC, 14 HPC, and 16 HPC — all designed for clean, even burns.
Common Wick Types:

• Cotton Wicks: Great for soy and natural waxes; offer a stable flame and minimal soot.

• Wooden Wicks: Produce a cozy crackling sound but need careful size testing.

• Braided or Core Wicks: Ideal for larger containers or paraffin-based candles.
  Each wick behaves differently, so testing with your specific wax and vessel is essential.

5. Signs You’re Using the Wrong Wick

If your candle shows any of these symptoms, your wick size may need adjustment:

• Candle tunnels down the center → wick too small

• Excessive smoke or soot → wick too large

• Flame constantly flickers or leans → wick off-center or wrong size

• Uneven melting or wax buildup on the sides → incorrect wick size

Conclusion

Candle making is as much art as science — and your wick is the bridge between the two. By choosing the right wick size, testing thoroughly, and pairing it with premium materials like Soy Wax 464 and high-quality fragrance oils from Rama Candles, you can ensure a cleaner, longer, and more fragrant burn every time.
If you’re ready to elevate your candle-making process, explore our 100% Cotton Wicks and Soy Wax 464 collections — perfect for both beginners and professionals.